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Doddahundi nishidhi inscription
The Doddahundi nishidhi and inscription is a hero stone from Doddahundi, 18 km from Tirumakudalu Narasipura in the Mysore district, Karnataka state, India. It has an undated old Kannada language inscription which historians Fleet, Sarma and E.P. Rice have dated by context to 840 or 869 C.E.〔Rice, E.P. (1921), p.13〕〔 The hero stone has a unique depiction in frieze of the ritual death (''sallekhana'' and ''samadhi'') of the Western Ganga Dynasty king Ereganga Nitimarga I (r. 853-869). The memorial was raised by the king's son Satyavakya. Such ''nishidhi's'' (memorial spot) were raised in medieval India in honor of important Jain personalities who ended their life voluntarily after following severe ritual vow.〔Sarma (1992), p.17〕〔Sarma (1992), p.204〕 The Western Ganga period produced not only imposing and well sculptured pillars (''stambha'') but also noteworthy hero stones (''virgal'') with exceptional relief.〔Kamath (1980), p.52〕 According to historian and epigraphist J. F. Fleet who edited the inscription, the names in the record are titles and not personal names. He dated the inscription to 840 C.E. with the opinion that the Nitimarga in the inscription is actually Ranavikrama, son of King Sripurusha (r. 726-788).〔Fleet (1905), p. 53〕
==Background==
In Jainism, the term ''nishidhi'' (with variants called ''nisidhia'', ''nisadhi'' or ''nistige'') is the spot where the person, such as an ascetic, king or queen died voluntarily, or was cremated or bone relic buried. Such places were held in high regard, a pedestal (''vedika'') created and prayers (''puja'' and ''pratishtha'') offered regularly.〔Sarma (1992), p.202〕 Often, the ''nishidhigal'' (''lit'', ''nishidhi'' stone) was nothing more than a natural rock surface or a boulder. Inscribed on the ''nishidhigal'' were epitaphs that immortalized and described the scholarly and saintly achievements of the desceased one, man or woman. ''Nishidhi's'' dated to as early as the 7th century exist in the Shravanabelagola hills. One memorial raised by King Sripurusha for Mahaprabhu Gopayya dates from the 8th century. The Doddahundi ''nishidhi'' is one of the most noteworthy examples found from the Western Ganga period.〔
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